semaphore signal - definition. What is semaphore signal
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%ما هو (من)٪ 1 - تعريف

VARIABLE THAT IS CHANGED (E.G., INCREMENTED, DECREMENTED, TOGGLED) DEPENDING ON PROGRAMMER-DEFINED CONDITIONS, USED TO CONTROL ACCESS TO A COMMON RESOURCE BY MULTIPLE PROCESSES IN A CONCURRENT SYSTEM
Counting Semaphore; Binary semaphore; Binary Semaphore; Counting semaphore; Wait and signal; Semaphore (computer science); Semaphore (computing); Semaphore programming
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Railway semaphore signal         
  • British semaphore stop and distant signals on common post (lower quadrant type)
  • Lower quadrant stop signals at [[St. Erth]] in 2007
  • Signals on the [[River Weaver]] Navigation, directing boats into the paired locks
  • Semaphore signal levers inside train dispatcher's room of [[Cianjur railway station]]. These levers are connected to the signal by pairs of wires.
  • German semaphore distant (left) and home (right) signal exhibition in [[Steinfurt]], Germany.
  • British semaphore distant signal (lower quadrant type)
  • British semaphore stop signal (lower quadrant type)
  • Somersault signals at [[Carrickfergus railway station]], showing the distinctive central pivot about which the arm "somersaults"
  • A typical signal box layout. The crossover and level crossing are protected by the home signal, while a starting signal guards the entrance to the next block section.
  • Abandoned German semaphore with missing lenses
  • Santa Fe Railroad]], 1943. The vertical position indicates a "clear" aspect.
FORM OF FIXED RAILWAY SIGNAL
Semaphore signal; Semaphore signals; Upper quadrant signal
Railway semaphore signal is one of the earliest forms of fixed railway signals. This semaphore system involves signals that display their different indications to train drivers by changing the angle of inclination of a pivoted 'arm'.
Flag semaphore         
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  • The combination used for オ ("O")
TELEGRAPHY SYSTEM CONVEYING INFORMATION AT A DISTANCE BY MEANS OF VISUAL SIGNALS
Semaphore (comunication); Semaphore flags; Semaphore flag; Semaphore (communications); Signaling, Semaphore procedure; Semaphore (communication); Semifore; Semaphore flag signalling; Japanese semaphore; Semaphore alphabet; Shipping signals; Flag semaphore code; Flag semaphore codes; Semaphone; Semafore; Coast Guard signalman
Flag semaphore (from the Ancient Greek () 'sign' and - (-) '-bearer') is a semaphore system conveying information at a distance by means of visual signals with hand-held flags, rods, disks, paddles, or occasionally bare or gloved hands. Information is encoded by the position of the flags; it is read when the flag is in a fixed position.
Optical telegraph         
  • Optical telegraph in the harbour of [[Bremerhaven]], Germany
  • 19th-century demonstration of the semaphore
  • The vane positions indicate code numbers
  • A restored two-arm semaphore post at Low Head in Tasmania
  • Diagram of UK Murray six-shutter system, with shutter 6 in the horizontal position, and shutters 1–5 vertical
  • A replica of an optical telegraph in Stockholm, Sweden
  • Illustration showing Robert Hooke's proposed system. At top are various symbols that might be used; ABCE indicates the frame, and D the screen behind which each of the symbols are hidden when not in use.
  • Sir [[Richard Lovell Edgeworth]]'s proposed optical telegraph for use in Ireland. The rotational position of each one of the four indicators represented a number 1-7 (0 being "rest"), forming a four-digit number. The number stood for a particular word in a codebook.
  • The Chappe Network in France
  • Former optical telegraph tower on the [[Winter Palace]] in [[Saint Petersburg]], Russia
  • The Semaphore Tower at Khatirbazar, Andul in Howrah district of West Bengal
  • Illustration of signalling by semaphore in 18th-century France. The operators would move the semaphore arms to successive positions to spell out text messages in semaphore code, and the people in the next tower would read them.
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  • [[Ta' Kenuna Tower]], a semaphore tower in [[Nadur]], [[Gozo]], Malta, built by the British in 1848
  • Restored semaphore in [[Adanero]], Spain.
  • A Chappe semaphore tower near [[Saverne]], France
  • A cartoon strip of "Monsieur Pencil" (1831) by [[Rodolphe Töpffer]]
SYSTEM OF VISUAL COMMUNICATION
Semaphore telegraph; Chappe telegraph; Chappe optical telegraph; Optical telegraph line; Napoleonic semaphore; Napoleonic telegraph; Semaphore tower; Shutter telegraph; Shutter telegraphy; Shutter semaphore; Shutter semaphore chain; Shutter telegraph chain; Chappe semaphore; Optical telegraphy; Storebæltstelegrafen; Optical Telegraph; Semaphore system; Le systeme Chappe; Chappé telegraph; Semaphore line; Chappe semaphore system
An optical telegraph is a line of stations, typically towers, for the purpose of conveying textual information by means of visual signals. There are two main types of such systems; the semaphore telegraph which uses pivoted indicator arms and conveys information according to the direction the indicators point, and the shutter telegraph which uses panels that can be rotated to block or pass the light from the sky behind to convey information.

ويكيبيديا

Semaphore (programming)

In computer science, a semaphore is a variable or abstract data type used to control access to a common resource by multiple threads and avoid critical section problems in a concurrent system such as a multitasking operating system. Semaphores are a type of synchronization primitive. A trivial semaphore is a plain variable that is changed (for example, incremented or decremented, or toggled) depending on programmer-defined conditions.

A useful way to think of a semaphore as used in a real-world system is as a record of how many units of a particular resource are available, coupled with operations to adjust that record safely (i.e., to avoid race conditions) as units are acquired or become free, and, if necessary, wait until a unit of the resource becomes available.

Semaphores are a useful tool in the prevention of race conditions; however, their use is not a guarantee that a program is free from these problems. Semaphores which allow an arbitrary resource count are called counting semaphores, while semaphores which are restricted to the values 0 and 1 (or locked/unlocked, unavailable/available) are called binary semaphores and are used to implement locks.

The semaphore concept was invented by Dutch computer scientist Edsger Dijkstra in 1962 or 1963, when Dijkstra and his team were developing an operating system for the Electrologica X8. That system eventually became known as THE multiprogramming system.